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南充翻译公司关键字："Cluster" concept of the earliest proponents Porter believes that industry cluster is a group of geographically close to each other and affiliated institutions, which the same field in a particular industry, because of its commonality and complementarity are linked together. Cluster usually includes the company's downstream industries, manufacturers of complementary products, specialized infrastructure providers and provide training, education, information, research and technical support to other agencies.Industrial clusters in two different forms, one is the same or similar products, the production company together to form a resource and information sharing, etc., that is what we usually call "SME clusters", such as north-central Italy SME clusters; the other is a large group of companies as a leader, gathered from many surrounding facilities and related businesses, such as Japan's "Toyota Motor City."Industry clusters as a way of allocating resources, the same industry-related businesses cluster together, compete with each other and collaborate, to improve the competitiveness of the industry has a strong role in promoting, enhancing the role of other factors that are not available. As the role of industrial clusters to promote the industry's huge, and even some scholars have called the industrial clusters enhance the competitiveness of industry, "engine." Industrial clusters to enhance the competitiveness of industry, mainly in the following areas: First, the industry cluster within the cluster enterprises increased competition, the competition is to enhance the competitiveness of industry, the main driving force. Competition within the cluster is a new competition, is outside the cluster and non cluster of enterprises do not, this competition makes the cluster of enterprises outside the company than the cluster has more advantages.Second, industrial cluster while strengthening cooperation within the industry is clustered "together competing a" role of the other hand, clusters and production enterprises due to the close geographical and cultural proximity factors, makes the cluster easier for enterprises within the resulting division of labor and cooperation, thereby saving transaction costs and improve industrial competitiveness. Third, the industrial clusters conducive to enterprise innovation capability, the cluster will not only provide an innovative environment, but also conducive to the spread and transfer of technology, reduce the cost of innovation.
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