|
邯郸翻译公司关键字：Since half of the nineties, the state sector of the market getting smaller and smaller, the growing contribution of weak economic专业翻译公司服务最好的 growth, according to the laws of market economy, it should sell in the allocation of resources to share more efficient, more competitive non-state sector. The real situation? One study pointed out that China's domestic reform and opening up, the proportion of state-owned industrial output fell much faster than the rate of decline in its share capital (Guo Kesha 1994). 1980 to 1988 the first phase, the proportion of industrial output decreased, while industrial capital, both the proportion of the industrial labor force was also significantly decreased, indicating that the state sector share of capital and labor resources to do the transfer to non-state sector, although the transfer as fast as fast as the transfer of market share; in 1988 to 1992, the second stage, the situation is different, although the actual state of industrial output and market share continue to decline substantially, but the share of state-owned industrial occupation of the capital Only minor reduction, or even the same proportion of the industrial labor force, the state sector to non-state sector share in the process of transfer of resources clearly slowed down, suggesting that the protectionist policies of the state sector of the market mechanism to limit the regulation of resource allocation. (See Table 7) can be said that the reform in 1989 before the market to guide resource allocation significantly higher than the policy专业翻译公司收费价格 after 1989 should be much more effective; at a later stage, despite the general view is that overall progress of reform, But in fact this period of market mechanisms in resource allocation regulation but subject to various constraints, not as good as the previous stage.
Table 7 state-owned sector in industrial output, capital and labor in the proportion (%)
________________________________________________________________Industrial labor force of industrial output of industrial capital
_________________________________________________________________980 81.5 86.7 64.61988 68.2 77.2 56.61992 56.9 73.1 56.5-24.6 -13.6 -8.1 1992 than in 19801988 compared with 1980 -13.3 -9.5 -8.0
1992 than in 1988 -11.3 -4.1 -0.1
________________________________________________________________Note: Industrial output in this table refers to industrial net output at constant prices.
Source: quoted from Guo Kesha, "China Changes in ownership structure and the total configuration of resources effect" article (1994).
In the 1990s, the growing difficulties of state-owned industry正规翻译公司公证处翻译盖章, profitability is too low, in the state sector in the capital to the emergence of a third industry正规翻译公司公证处翻译盖章, the tendency to take profit (or "tertiary development"). If the tertiary industry正规翻译公司公证处翻译盖章 is also included in the analysis, from the economic专业翻译公司服务最好的 point of view of this large range, the protectionist policies of the state sector the effect is more obvious. Table 5 shows that in 1992 the country有资质的正规翻译公司哪个好's financial resources (loans) in the state sector's share of nearly 80% occupied, and the sector accounted for only a proportion of gross national product more than 40%. From 1985 to 1992, the state sector in GDP has dropped by 6 percentage points over the same period the share of financial resources occupied by the state sector fell by only 4.7 percentage points; and from 1992 to 1994, the share of state sector output continue to decline, but instead take the share of financial resources increased by 1.5 percentage points. 1993, 1994, China's inflation rate (producer price index) were 24% and 20% [12], while bank lending rates only 10% [13]. In this case, the state-owned sector to a large number of low priority in lending interest rates, the benefits just by interest rates you can get more than 10% of financial profit. This actually means that when the state can not finance a large number of state departments to provide subsidies, national bank with low-interest loans provide a different kind of subsidy. While enjoying such a large financial subsidies, state-owned industrial real financial profit is still less than 3% [14], but in fact this is a small profit is the result of bank subsidies; and financing rural enterprises may have to pay more than the state business专业英语翻译公司科技文件翻译哪里最好 loan interest rate high interest rates one or two times, but the township enterprises are still able to obtain financial profit of more than 5% [15]. In 1996 the inflation rate down to the following interest rates, the bank's financial subsidies disappear, the results of the state-owned industries in general terms, the loss is greater than the surplus, no longer generate profits.
|