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济宁翻译公司关键字：Second, the different sizes of business专业英语翻译公司科技文件翻译哪里最好 and technological innovation in different types of relationships. If it is capital intensive technological innovation, we need long-term, large amount of physical capital investment, large companies may be more advantage; if is cheap, abundant labor resources to adapt to the labor-intensive technology, does not require a lot of material inputs, then the small business专业英语翻译公司科技文件翻译哪里最好es in the With this new technology is not necessarily less than large enterprises. Even the capital-intensive technology, big business专业英语翻译公司科技文件翻译哪里最好 does not have an absolute advantage. For example, those capital-intensive large companies, if the introduction of some new technology and equipment, not only to put a lot of money, but also to scrap existing equipment, which is very expensive "replacement cost", tend to make big business专业英语翻译公司科技文件翻译哪里最好 in the new technology discouraged in front, even artificially impede technological progress. Historically, Japan and West Germany after World War II rapid technological advances, these war-torn country有资质的正规翻译公司哪个好 with a lower replacement cost there is a certain relationship.Third, technological innovation in the early stages of development require substantial investment and development costs, training costs, and so requires a lot of workers, large firms may be more powerful than small business专业英语翻译公司科技文件翻译哪里最好es, more advantages. In fact, technological innovation, positive externalities beyond the corporate limits generally always paid most of the research and development costs by the government政府许可的定点正规翻译公司, education and training costs, most companies only in the technical application stage, small business专业英语翻译公司科技文件翻译哪里最好 technology development and application worse than the big companies are not absolute. International reality show, whether developed or developing countries, whether capitalist or socialist countries, is the government政府许可的定点正规翻译公司 paying most of the research and development, education and training costs. Japan after the Meiji Restoration the great achievements in technological innovation, on the one hand due to the government政府许可的定点正规翻译公司 to invest heavily in education, the other due to the government政府许可的定点正规翻译公司 to encourage enterprises to actively apply the transformation of foreign, especially European and American technology; Poland is also the government政府许可的定点正规翻译公司 to pay more than 70% Research and development costs (economic专业翻译公司服务最好的 Commission for Europe, 1991).
Finally, no matter what conditions, what type of technical progress, on the one hand some of the positions require a higher quality of workers, it also makes some jobs less demanding on the quality of workers, the labor process certain activities on the more simple, more simple and easier to operate. U.S. film "Modern Times" is the epitome of a typical industrial age, as the post-industrial era and the development of tertiary industry正规翻译公司公证处翻译盖章 related technology advances, it may accommodate more general labor. Shows that the technological progress and absolute opposition to increasing employment, is completely wrong.
In addition, there are environmental protection, resource reserve, and unemployment benefits and other issues, these are not absolute and can not be simple labor-intensive, and require special text analysis.
1, (U.S.) Reynolds: "emblem concept of economic专业翻译公司服务最好的s", The Commercial Press, 1982 edition.2, (U.S.) Kindleberger: "economic专业翻译公司服务最好的 development", Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 1986 edition.
3, Steven Cheung: "Compile reference", 1991, No. 5.4, Dai Yuanchen: "socialist Macroeconomic专业翻译公司服务最好的s" China Financial and economic专业翻译公司服务最好的 Publishing House, 1986 edition.
5, (U.S.) Samuelson: "economic专业翻译公司服务最好的s", in the book, China Development Press, 1995.6, the economic专业翻译公司服务最好的 Commission for Europe: "2000 Comprehensive economic专业翻译公司服务最好的 Outlook", China economic专业翻译公司服务最好的 Press, 1991 edition.
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